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ORIGINS OF OUR "DEMOCRATIC" REGIME - part 72
This time we decided to deal with Armenia. The logic of such a choice is simple: after all, the previous part of this book was devoted to Belarus - and the regime of President Lukashenko has long been quite closely connected with the ruling elite of Armenia. By the way, these ties of President Lukashenko are now much stronger than with the Russian leadership - since the Belarusian dictator has actually been hostile to the Kremlin for a long time. So we will go as if along a chain and now we will try to deal with the clan composition of the rulers of the Republic of Armenia according to the same scheme - for all the years of independence, that is, since 1992.
THE BOARD OF PRESIDENT TER-PETROSYAN
1. TER-PETROSYAN Levon Akopovich was the President of Armenia from October 16, 1991 to February 3, 1998.
In 1968, he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Yerevan University and entered graduate school. In 1972, he defended his PhD thesis on Armenian-Assyrian literary relations. In 1972-78, Ter-Petrosyan was an employee of the Institute of Literature. Since 1978, he worked at the Institute of Ancient Manuscripts Matenadaran. In 1987, he became a doctor of philological sciences. He speaks Arabic and a number of other ancient and Eastern languages.
Since 1988, Levon Ter-Petrosyan has been a member of the Karabakh Committee, which demanded the withdrawal of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region from the Azerbaijan SSR, and one of the leaders of the Armenian National Movement (AMO).
In December 1988, he was arrested together with other members of the "Karabakh" committee. He was accused of "organizing mass riots" and "inciting ethnic hatred". In May 1989, he was released under public pressure.
In August 1989, Ter-Petrosyan was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR, and in November 1989 - chairman of the AOD.
In August 1990, he became the Chairman of the Supreme Council of Armenia.
On October 16, 1991, Ter-Petrosyan was elected the first president of the independent Republic of Armenia. 83% of voters voted for his candidacy.
On September 21, 1996, Ter-Petrosyan was elected President of Armenia for the second time, receiving 52% of the votes - and thus winning in the first round. His main opponent, former Prime Minister Vazgen Manukyan, scored 41%.
International observers noted that there were serious violations of the law during the elections, which, however, "did not significantly affect the results". After the elections, mass protests took place in Yerevan. Up to 200,000 people took part in them. On September 25, 1996, after some oppositionists tried to enter the parliament building, the police dispersed the protesters, using water cannons and tear gas.
On February 3, 1998, Ter-Petrosyan resigned from the post of President of the country. The reason for the resignation was the split in the Armenian government. Prime Minister Robert Kocharyan, Defense Minister Vazgen Sargsyan and Interior Minister Serzh Sargsyan did not support Ter-Petrosyan's proposed plan to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, which included the demilitarization of the conflict zone and the return to Azerbaijan of a number of settlements occupied during the hostilities of 1992-94. Kocharyan became the new president in March of the same year.
After his resignation, Ter-Petrosyan refused to participate in public policy for a long time. Worked as a researcher at the Institute of Ancient Manuscripts.
On October 26, 2007, Ter-Petrosyan spoke at an opposition rally in Yerevan, where he announced that he would take part in the presidential elections. At the same time, he said that the current government in Armenia is "vicious, humiliating, and does not honor our people". Ter-Petrosyan also stated that in case of victory, he intends to "dismantle the criminal structure of power".
Elections were held on February 19, 2008. Kocharyan's successor and current Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan won them in the first round, gaining 53% of the votes. Ter-Petrosyan took second place, gaining 22% of the votes.
On February 20, 2008, the opposition led by Ter-Petrosyan held a protest rally in Yerevan, in which several thousand people participated. Speaking to the audience, the ex-president said: "I won the election and will stand up for my victory." The next day, the protesters started a sit-in, and closer to the evening they set up tents.
On the morning of March 1, 2008, the police dispersed another rally of Ter-Petrosyan's supporters. After that, Ter-Petrosyan's supporters began to build barricades. As a result, the protest turned into an armed clash with the police and soldiers of the internal troops, accompanied by mass riots, in which about seven thousand people participated. According to official data, 131 people were injured during the riots, eight of whom died from gunshot wounds (according to unofficial data, 20 people died then). On the same day, President Kocharyan announced the introduction of a state of emergency in Yerevan. After that, on March 2, Ter-Petrosyan appealed to his supporters to disperse, and they left the place of the rally.
Since the summer of 2008, the opposition began to organize regular large-scale protests, seeking the release of those arrested after the March riots in Yerevan, the dismissal of a number of senior officials, and subsequently the resignation of President Sargsyan. During one of the actions, on August 1, 2008, 15 parties announced the creation of a single bloc - the Armenian National Congress (ANC), the actual leader of which was Ter-Petrosyan.
In the parliamentary elections in 2012, the APK received 7 seats in the National Assembly of Armenia - the list was headed by Ter-Petrosyan, but he refused the mandate.
We will start with the fact that Armenia is actually a rather poor country, because there are no natural oil or gas fields there. True, there are some deposits of non-ferrous and noble metals in this country - but only the production of molybdenum, which is engaged in the Zangezur Combine, is of strategic importance there. And this enterprise now belongs to a German company. So our oligarchs had nothing to profit in Armenia - and for this reason it is now almost impossible for us to calculate the clan affiliation of the former President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan by his direct connections with Russian capitals. Therefore, we will have to use mainly indirect calculation methods here.
So, President Ter-Petrosyan, of course, belonged to one of the factions of the pro-American clan of the KGB - since his long-time political opponent Robert Kocharyan, since 1999, clearly belonged to the Moscow-Korzhakov group. Moreover, Levon Ter-Petrosyan is most likely from the family clan of the Chekist mafia. After all, Korzhakov's clan is completely excluded for him, since Ter-Petrosyan had extremely hostile relations with President Kocharyan in the zero years - and for the St. Petersburg clan in the Caucasus there was no "nutrient soil".
We have already talked about Robert Kocharyan in one of the previous parts of the book: this figure moved to Moscow after resigning from the post of President of Armenia and became the director of AFC "Sistema" in June 2009. And Kocharyan's strong friendship with Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov has been formed somewhere in November 1998 - that is, about six months after his election as president. But we will talk in more detail about President Kocharyan when it will be his turn.
However, we need to say at least a few words about the so-called "Karabakh clan" of Armenia, represented by former President Robert Kocharyan and his protégé, the current President of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan.
Such a paradox is observed here: after all, about 3 million people live in Armenia itself. And the population of the Armenian enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, located in the middle of Azerbaijan, is only 150 thousand inhabitants, that is, 20 times less! Moreover, without the fraternal support of Armenia, the Karabakh Armenians, of course, would have been killed or expelled from their homeland a long time ago. So, the Karabakh people, in theorior, should be in full subordination to the leadership of Armenia. But this actually never really happened - and the field commanders who owned power in Karabakh always remained quite independent of the Armenian government. Moreover, by the mid-90s, these leaders of the Karabakh army (it would not be entirely correct to call them simply "militants"), which had won a complete victory over the Azerbaijanis, already enjoyed unlimited influence in Armenia itself, for quite understandable reasons. So President Ter-Petrosyan in March 1997 was simply forced to appoint a native of Karabakh (and formally a citizen of Azerbaijan!) Robert Kocharyan as the head of the Armenian government. And representatives of the "Karabakh clan" received very high positions in the government and law enforcement agencies of Armenia even earlier: for example, another native of Karabakh, Serzh Sargsyan, Kocharyan's best friend, was appointed to the most important post of Defense Minister of Defense for the warring country at the time in August 1993. So the Karabakh people already seized almost all the real power in Armenia.
(By the way, Karabakh Armenians speak their own dialect - and are noticeably different from other Armenians also in their mentality and some traditions. For example, they prefer to give their children pan-European names, not purely Armenian names. In addition, Karabakh people from the older generation usually know Azerbaijani and Russian well.)
It should be added to this that, according to our version, in 1995-97 there were very favorable conditions for the conclusion of peace between Azerbaijanis and Armenians, which were never repeated again. Judge for yourself: President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev and President of Armenia Ter-Petrosyan, according to our version, both belonged to the same family clan of the KGB - and besides, they were both extremely interested in establishing a lasting peace between their states. After all, this conflict greatly hindered the leadership of Azerbaijan at that time to do business with international oil corporations: who would want to spend a lot of money on investments in the war zone! And Armenia's economy was simply suffocating as a result of the blockade of its borders established by Azerbaijanis and Turks. True, the border with Iran was completely opened - but Iran itself was then actually under an economic blockade by the world community.
Moreover, it should also be said that although Heydar Aliyev was elected president of Azerbaijan back in October 1993, but only by the fall of 1995 he managed to finally suppress the entire opposition in the law enforcement agencies and completely seize power in the country. President Aliyev then managed to cope with his military leadership relatively easily - due to the crushing defeats suffered by the Azerbaijani army in Karabakh at that time, despite its multiple advantage in numbers and weapons. It should be added that by the end of the war, the Nagorno-Karabakh army had captured five Azerbaijani districts in full and two more districts partially.
But the problem here was that Armenian President Ter-Petrosyan failed to cope with his "military opposition". After all, Presidents Ter-Petrosyan and Aliyev were actually in unequal conditions: because the army of Azerbaijan completely lost this war - and the Armenian army after signing the ceasefire agreement in May 1994 had every reason to consider itself a winner. So Ter-Petrosyan had to first share power with the opposition under the pressure of veterans of the Karabakh war - and in February 1998 he was forced to resign early from the post of president. Because if he hadn't left by himself then, he would probably have just been shot by some fanatic from the "Karabakh clan"! And such assassination attempts on prominent associates of Ter-Petrosyan had already begun then. In addition, the "military opposition" managed to set a public mood sharply against President Ter-Petrosyan - and for this purpose, his attempts to peacefully resolve the Karabakh conflict were used. "Ter-Petrosyan wants to surrender Karabakh to the Azerbaijanis - to buy peace with them at this price!" - such creams began to be heard from the opposition camp already in 1996.
We cannot now delve deeply into this very tangled tangle of contradictions related to the issue of the status of Nagorno-Karabakh. But in a nutshell, President Ter-Petrosyan's position at the negotiations on Karabakh can be conveyed as follows: if a peace treaty is signed, Azerbaijanis will be returned to their own areas occupied by Armenians (which even exceeded Nagorno-Karabakh itself in area!), and it will also be formally recognized that the Karabakh Autonomous Region is part of Azerbaijan. But in fact, Karabakh should still remain under the control of local Armenian authorities independent of the Azerbaijani government - and this should have been guaranteed by peacekeeping forces (OSCE or Russia) stationed on the borders of this region. And this was the most extreme option, which the Azerbaijanis in principle could still agree to then, although very reluctantly - because at first they even flatically refused to recognize the autonomy of Karabakh. But the leaders of the "Karabakh clan" categorically did not suit this peace treaty plan: "We only need full state independence of Karabakh - and let the Azerbaijanis recognize it, in exchange for the return of the territories captured from them!"
True, the Azerbaijani government cannot make such a peace if it does not want to cause a powerful explosion of popular discontent on the same day, which will simply sweep it away - but the leadership of the "Karabakh clan" has always been deeply indificted of this.
So these five captured Azerbaijani districts are still a lifeless and completely ruined desert: not a single Azerbaijani there - but Armenians are not in a hurry to move there yet...
Let's go back to the problem of calculating the clan affiliation of President Ter-Petrosyan. Here is this message for October 1, 1996, we can quote here to illustrate the fact that he most likely belonged to the same clan of the Chekist mafia with the late Azerbaijani president Heydar Aliyev:
"Ter-Petrosyan has established business contacts with Heydar Aliyev from the very beginning: the President of Armenia became the first and only official to congratulate Aliyev in September 1991 on his election as chairman of the Supreme Majlis (parliament) of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. Since then, they have repeatedly called and met. At the same time, hostilities on the Nakhchivan-Armenian border practically stopped, although in Karabakh and on other sections of the Azerbaijani-Armenian border they continued until the spring of 1994."
(http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/12969)
There are also reports that when Heydar Aliyev had to fly from his Nakhchivan to Baku, he easily called the administration of President Ter-Petrosyan in such cases. And he was always provided with an air corridor over the territory of Armenia - despite the fact that the war in Karabakh was in full swing at that time. (http://www.library.cjes.ru/online/? a=con&b_id=743&c_id=10131)
But this message of February 13, 2008 indicates that Ter-Petrosyan enjoyed some support from the family clan of Russia during the presidential campaign of that year - that is, when he had already led the opposition:
"Meanwhile, Mr. Ter-Petrosyan is also looking for support outside Armenia. Yesterday, information appeared in the Armenian media that the ex-president made a blitzvisit to Moscow last Monday, during which he gave an interview to Russian TV channels and was even received by the first deputy prime minister of the country Dmitry Medvedev."
(http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/852194)
It is also worth mentioning here that we came across such an interesting text on the Internet regarding Levon Ter-Petrosyan's long-standing connections with the KGB of Armenia:
"To the question: is it true that Levon Ter-Petrosyan, Ashot Manucharyan, Ara Sahakyan and some other members of the "Karabakh" committee were KGB agents? - former KGB chairman Arm. SSR Usik Harutyunyan answers:
"Apparently, this bundle is of the greatest interest to L. Ter-Petrosyan... You may remember that at the end of 1992 in one of the opposition newspapers (...) a photocopy of the document was published, where the description of L. Ter-Petrosyan was approved under my signature (the head of foreign policy, scientific and technical and illegal intelligence). Everyone was shocked: how such a document could get to the press (...) and what it means. And the fact was that when the situation in Armenia escalated, all the secret documents of the state security of the Arm were completely secret. The USSR was taken to Smolensk on several planes. It is possible that the instruction on working with secret documents was violated there and some of them could be stolen or photocopied. ...A television crew came to me for an interview on this issue, and I explained the situation. I said then and repeat now: "Levon Ter-Petrosyan was never a KGB agent." The question arises: so what was this characteristic approved by the head of intelligence? The fact is that the KGB of Armenia, by order of the KGB of the USSR, had the task of forming reconnaissance and sabotage groups on the territory of the republic, taking into account possible military events in areas of interest to the USSR. In particular, our closest neighbors - the Middle East, Iran, Turkey, Arab countries, etc., and, of course, citizens who speak these languages and have certain skills, were enrolled in these groups... SO L.TER-PETROSYAN WAS, AMONG OTHERS, ASSIGNED TO ONE OF THESE GROUPS - NO MORE... AMONG THE MEMBERS OF THE "KARABAKH" COMMITTEE THERE WERE PEOPLE WHO HELPED US, BUT I HAVE NO MORAL RIGHT TO CALL THEM BY NAME EVEN NOW" (http://www.sultanov.azeriland.com/impery/impery_1/page_08.html)
It seems to us that we can do without detailed comments here: after all, it is also clear that in 1992 Levon Ter-Petrosyan was already fully exposed as a secret agent recruited by the 1st Department (foreign intelligence) of the KGB of Armenia. So this attempt by General Harutyunyan to somehow excuse him was very clumsy - and in fact this security officer only confirmed all the accusations against Ter-Petrosyan then. Apparently, Ter-Petrosyan was then very tightly grasped - so Harutyunyan could no longer just declare that all these published KGB documents are fake and "go into the deaf unconscious".
Here's what the Chekist documents published in July 1992 by the Dashnak party newspaper actually looked like:
"In the article "We will not be silent anymore" Ed. Hovhannisyan wrote: "KGB agent Levon Hakopovich Ter-Petrosyan, personal number G-385292, began his journey in this powerful organization on May 29, 1977, when a KGB agent nicknamed Kazbek, who knew the future president by working together, described him as a straightforward, truthful person, with serious knowledge, enjoying the sympathy of the team. On the basis of Kazbek's report in October 1977, the senior commissioner of the 1st department of the KGB of Armenia M. Hakobyan presents the following conclusion to the KGB leadership: "The materials on Ter-Petrosyan should be submitted to the Criminal Code of the GB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR in the Krasnodar Territory for consideration and decision on his enrollment in the special cadre of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. The head of the 1st department of the KGB of Armenia U. Harutyunyan puts a resolution under this conclusion: "I agree". In the same 1977, Levon Ter-Petrosyan becomes an officer of the KGB special forces". A photocopy of the certificate-characteristic dated October 27, 1981 with a resolution: reserve lieutenant L.T.-P. should be left in the special reserve of the KGB of the USSR was also placed here. ("Azatamart", 1992, n10, July 14-20). (http://www.golos.am/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=51041)
There are also fragments from the "Open Letter to the President of Armenia" by Dashnak Eduard Hovhannisyan, published in the newspaper "Azatamart" on August 11-17, 1992:
"...You couldn't help but get dirty, because that was the system. Today, it makes no sense to justify that, they say, I didn't know about it, that, they say, all orientalists had the same fate, because it wasn't quite the case. The KGB reports note that you bravely blew up grenades and mines and were awarded for this diligence. You knew very well where you serve and officially stated that you were ready to serve the Motherland through the KGB."
So the Dashnaks then retiated on President Ter-Petrosyan for publicly exposing the leader of their party Hrayr Marukhyan in June 1992 as a secret KGB agent.
It should also be noted here that from all these published Chekist materials it clearly follows that Levon Ter-Petrosyan in those years was by no way a simple knocker, of which there were millions throughout the Soviet empire at that time. Rather, he should be classified as a former KGB personnel, moreover, from the reserve of the most elite unit of this special service: illegal foreign intelligence.
Here's another little clarification on this:
"In the newspaper "Special Forces of Russia" (№ 3 (138), March 2008) in the article "Special Reserve of the KGB" it is explained what it is: "Officers of the territorial bodies of the KGB, appointed to the special reserve for a "special period" were trained. Their tasks included the organization of guerrilla resistance and direct command of sabotage groups in case of war. They came from all over the Soviet Union, and after graduating from the KUOS [Officer Training Courses] they returned to their former places of duty. The training was carried out in the futur, i.e. the graduate commanders were enrolled in the special reserve of the KGB of the USSR, continuing to serve where they were sent to study". So the official biography of L. Ter-Petrosyan for 1977-1981, that he allegedly worked at that time in research institutes, should have been corrected. Attention was paid to him, most likely, because he was a philologist by education, and personnel with good knowledge of foreign languages were especially valuable for the KGB. The KGB special reserve was under the jurisdiction of the First Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR. The head of this department during the period of enrollment L.A. Ter-Petrosyan in the special forces of the KGB in 1977 was V.A. Kryuchkov, and his deputy - M.A. Yuzbashyan.” (http://www.rizvanhuseynov.com/2012/02/blog-post_09.html)
We have to correct a little here: Lieutenant General Marius Yuzbashyan was never really the deputy head of foreign intelligence of the KGB PGU. But from 1972 to 1978 he was the deputy head of the Department "C" (illegal foreign intelligence) of the PGU KGB. In 1978-88, Yuzbashyan served as the chairman of the KGB of the Armenian SSR. He was killed on July 21, 1993 in Yerevan. (http://shieldandsword.mozohin.ru/personnel/yuzbashyan_m_a.htm)
In addition, it is necessary to clarify that it is said here about the KGB courses for future commanders of reconnaissance and sabotage groups - and reserve lieutenant Levon Ter-Petrosyan was considered only an ordinary saboteur of such a group. So he most likely underwent a more simplified training - and somewhere in the Caucasus. But Ter-Petrosyan was also an officer of the KGB Special Reserve at that time.
To conclude our narrative about the first president of independent Armenia, Ter-Petrosyan, we will quote another excerpt from his interview of December 6, 2007, which contains an assessment of the current ruling regime of Armenia:
"This is a corrupt regime from top to bottom. Kleptocracy, in which everything is subject to the laws of the criminal world. Complete looting of the country. Imitation of foreign and domestic policy, under which one goal is hidden - personal enrichment. They created a model in which there is no hint of the balance of power. There is a clearly built pyramid." (http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/833136)
We can only add to this very bright statement that Levon Ter-Petrosyan did not exaggerate anything here for polemical purposes: because, according to the general opinion, in Armenia all officials really steal all, starting from the very top - and President Kocharyan himself was once considered the most important corrupt of the country at one time. Just like here in Russia! This was the strength of the anti-presidential opposition then - that the people of Armenia began to gradually show dissatisfaction with all this total theft by the authorities.
But still, Ter-Petrosyan did not manage to lead the whole people during the presidential elections of 2008 and arrange a real "color revolution" according to the Ukrainian or Georgian model. The ruling regime simply reminded everyone who had already forgotten what a hard life was in the country during the reign of President Ter-Petrosyan himself. And finally, the Armenian authorities finished him off, again putting forward their long-standing immeatable argument: "Let us steal and take bribes - there's nothing you can do about it, these are our long-standing Caucasian traditions. But Ter-Petrosyan wants to hand over Karabakh to the Azerbaijanis - and it's actually much worse!"
Now we will move on to the prime ministers of Armenia.
The first government of independent Armenia was headed by Vice President Gagik Harutyunyan. But Harutyunyan was formally only acting Prime Minister (from November 22, 1991 to July 30, 1992) - and we agreed not to analyze the biographies of such figures in detail.
(Although Russian Wikipedia, for example, is not interested in such subtleties at all - and there Harutyunyan is simply called "Prime Minister")
Nevertheless, we still decided to say at least a couple of words about it to the acting prime minister. The fact is that Gagik Harutyunyan is an economist by education - and in 1973-82 he taught first at Yerevan University, then at the Yerevan Institute of National Economy. And in 1982 he moved to work in the party apparatus of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenia - and in 1987 he was appointed head of the social and economic department there. But the most interesting thing is not at all: we were quite impressed by another fact from Harutyunyan's biography - that in 1977-78 he had a scientific internship at the University of Belgrade. Here it should be recalled that then we had a completely deaf "stagnation" - and in Yugoslavia by that time a completely heretical according to the Sovkov concepts, its own kind of socialism had long been established: with the so-called "working self-government" in all enterprises, with an officially allowed private sector in the economy and everything else. The question is, why was the Soviet economist Harutyunyan sent to do an internship at the University of Belgrade - and what could he learn there at all?!
We can only give this explanation to all this: Gagik Harutyunyan almost certainly took part in a secret Chekist project to prepare an economic reform - which had already unfolded in the 70s. And it is thanks to this circumstance that Harutyunyan most likely made such a brilliant political career in Armenia later. So to speak, "Armenian Gaidar" - he was also in Russia only acting prime minister...
Now Harutyunyan holds the post of Chairman of the Constitutional Court of Armenia (since February 1996). As for his clan affiliation, we did not really understand it - but it still looks very similar to the fact that he is now part of the Moscow-Korzhakov group. The Chairman of the Constitutional Court Harutyunyan has already established a painfully wonderful relationship with the entire "Karabakh clan" - both with former president Robert Kocharyan and with his deputy president Serzh Sargsyan. So the Constitutional Court invariably ignores all the cries of the opposition about numerous violations and falsifications in the elections: they say, "all this did not affect the final result of the elections!"
2. HARUTYUNYAN Khosrov Melikovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from July 30, 1992 to February 2, 1993.
1986-87 - director of the Charentsavanskaya garment factory.
1987-90 - Chairman of the Charentsavan City Executive Committee.
1990-92 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR.
1992-93 - Prime Minister of Armenia.
1993-96 - Deputy of the Supreme Council of Armenia. Member of the "Reforms" deputy group.
1996-98 - Chief Advisor to the Prime Minister of Armenia.
1998-99 - Speaker of the Armenian Parliament.
1999-2000 - Minister of Territorial Administration of Armenia.
After resigning from the government, he headed the Christian Democratic Union of Armenia (CDA).
In May 2012, he was elected a deputy of the National Assembly from the Republican Party of Armenia (RPA).
Currently, Khosrov Harutyunyan is a member of parliament from the ruling Republican Party. In general, Khosrov Harutyunyan has established very good relations with the "Karabakh clan", that is, with the current ruling regime of Armenia, for a long time. Here is a fragment from Harutyunyan's interview for October 17, 2011 to illustrate:
"The fact is that both I and our party supported Serzh Sargsyan's candidacy in the presidential elections in 2008. In the future, we have always approved and supported both his foreign policy and domestic political initiatives. I think that today between RPA and CDSA partnership and business relations and cooperation have been formed, which is manifested during a variety of joint events." (http://www.regnum.ru/news/1456768.html)
And we no longer searched for other messages on this topic on the Internet, because everything is already quite clearly visible from the political biography of this figure: Khosrov Harutyunyan probably belongs to the same mafia group with Presidents Kocharyan and Sargsyan. And this is most likely the KGB clan of Korzhakov - but we'd better try to justify this hypothesis a little later, when we get to these main leaders of the "Karabakh clan".
3. BAGRATYAN Grant Araratovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from February 2, 1993 to November 4, 1996.
1987-90 - Senior Researcher, Head of the Department of the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of Armenia.
1990-93 - First Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of Armenia, Minister of Economy.
1993-96 - Prime Minister.
1996-97 - consultant of the International Monetary Fund.
1998-2006 - Vice-President, Director of the Yerevan Brandy Factory.
Since May 1997 - leader of the opposition pro-Western party "Svoboda".
In May 2012, he was elected a member of parliament from the opposition bloc of the APK.
In February 2013, Bagratyan participated in the presidential elections and received 2% of the votes there.
The father of market reforms in the early 90s in Armenia, recognized as the best in the post-Soviet space by the World Bank.
Apparently, Grant Bagratyan is clearly part of the same mafia group with Levon Ter-Petrosyan. To illustrate, we will give the following message for December 24, 2012:
"...MP of the Armenian parliament Grant Bagratyan said that he would run for the upcoming presidential elections in Armenia in February 2013. At the same time, Bagratyan said that he could withdraw his candidacy if the leader of the ANC, the first president of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan, decides to run for president."
(http://www.regnum.ru/news/1608070.html)
Grant Bagratyan must have understood very well that he would receive no more than a few percent of the votes in this election. Since the vast majority of the population of Armenia is firmly convinced that it was Prime Minister Bagratyan who completely collapsed the entire economy of the country with his "shock reforms" - and simply hates him for it. But apparently, Bagratyan participated in the presidential elections only to be able to publicly scold the ruling regime once again...
In general, Grant Bagratyan most likely belongs to the family clan of the Chekist mafia.
4. SARKISYAN Armen Vardanovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from November 4, 1996 to March 20, 1997.
He graduated from Yerevan University in 1976. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. He specialized in the development and application of computers.
1984-85 - Lecturer at Cambridge University (Great Britain).
1985-92 - teacher of theoretical physics of YSU.
1990-92 - Head of the Department of Computer Modeling.
1992-93 - Ambassador of Armenia to Great Britain.
1993-94 - Ambassador of Armenia to the European Union.
1995-96 - Ambassador of Armenia to Belgium.
1996-97 - Prime Minister of Armenia. He resigned due to illness, after which he was treated for a year and a half.
1998-2000 - Ambassador of Armenia to Great Britain.
After his resignation, he was engaged in business in England.
Here are some details about this business by Armen Sargsyan:
"At the same time, the former prime minister began to build his business by founding Eurasia House International, which cooperates between business and state authorities. He also founded the Knightsbridge group of companies working in the fields of telecom, real estate, energy and agriculture. ...The company works in partnership with the world's leading investment and insurance companies and organizations, including Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch, Credit Suisse and HSBC, its administrative offices and representative offices are located in Vienna, London, Paris, Moscow, Budapest, Warsaw, Kiev and Almaty." (http://www.dp.ru/a/2012/03/13/Bivshij_premer-ministr_Ar/)
Armen Sargsyan most likely belongs now to the Moscow-Korzhakov group - judging by the fact that in the zero years he had close ties in politics and business with the ruling "Karabakh clan" in Armenia. Here is a message on this topic for February 5, 2008:
"As already mentioned, former Ambassador and short-term Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia Armen Sargsyan is now just a businessman and has the same dark and illegal economic agreements with Serzh Sargsyan. In particular, together they are engaged in the illegal import of Kazakh gas to Armenia. Recall that according to the official bulletin of the State Statistics Committee of Kazakhstan, gas worth $157 million is exported to Armenia in the amount of 1,200 million cubic meters. But this, as an imported product, is not mentioned in the bulletin of the State Committee of Armenia on Statistics. That is, the amount that, as a result of the sale of gas, should have been in the budget of Armenia, settles in the pockets of Serzh Sargsyan and Armen Sargsyan." (http://www.miak.am/ru/home/show_news/253/)
And that extremely prestigious and profitable post of ambassador to England, which Armen Sargsyan received in 1998 from the hands of President Kocharyan, testifies in favor of Sargsyan's belonging to the Korzhakov clan.
In addition, over the past year, Armen Sargsyan has also been strongly highlighted in his direct business connections with the Moscow clan of Russia.
Message for March 13, 2012:
"Former Prime Minister of Armenia and head of the Knightsbridge group of companies Armen Sargsyan and Governor of the Leningrad Region Valery Serdyukov agreed on cooperation on the Novoladozhsky aqueduct project, the total cost of which will be 50 billion rubles. The region has been looking for investors for 4 years, and the company of the former Armenian statesman was the only one to agree to invest in construction, which experts call doubtful."
(http://www.dp.ru/a/2012/03/13/Bivshij_premer-ministr_Ar/)
Message for January 30, 2013:
"Energy, transport and tourism are the main areas for cooperation between Pomerania and the Knightsbridge Group of Companies. This is the result of the meeting of Governor Igor Orlov with the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Corporation Armen Sargsyan.
The parties signed a memorandum of intent between the region and Knightsbridge Natural Resources GesmbH. (http://www.news29.ru/pda/2/23186)
We would like to remind you that the governor of the Leningrad region Valery Serdyukov and the governor of the Arkhangelsk Igor Orlov belong to the Moscow clan.
5. KOCHARYAN Robert Sedrakovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from March 20, 1997 to April 9, 1998.
1981-85 - worked in the Stepanakert City Committee of the Komsomol, held the position of second secretary of the city committee of the Komsomol. In 1986, he was an instructor of the Stepanakert City Committee of the CPSU.
1987-89 - Secretary of the Party Committee of the Karabakh Silk Combine.
Since February 1988, he was one of the leaders of the Artsakh movement, whose members fought for the withdrawal of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region from the Azerbaijan SSR. He was a member of the Krunk group, headed the Miatsum organization.
1989-95 - twice elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of Armenia, was a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Council.
Since August 1992, he has been the Chairman of the State Defense Committee and Prime Minister of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.
November 24, 1994 - the NKR Supreme Council elected NKR President, and in November 1996, as a result of national elections, he was re-elected President of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.
Since March 1997 - Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia.
From March 1998 to April 2008 - President of Armenia (was re-elected for a second term in March 2003).
On June 26, 2009 - was elected independent director of AFC "Systema" corporation.
As we have already said, Robert Kocharyan most likely belongs to the Moscow-Korzhakov bloc.
Materials on the topic of strong friendship between President Kocharyan and Moscow Mayor Luzhkov can be found on the Internet as much as you want. For example, here is the following message from January 31, 2003:
"Cooperation between the capitals of Armenia and Russia plays a special role in the development of bilateral partnership, Armenian President Robert Kocharyan said today during a meeting with Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov. Moscow accounts for one third of the total trade turnover between Russia and Armenia."
(http://www.newsinfo.ru/news/2003-01-31/item/552383/)
It can also be mentioned here that in December 2003, President Kocharyan awarded Yuri Luzhkov with the Mesrop Mashtots Award. Moreover, in September 2004, Joseph Kobzon also received the same high award from the hands of the President of Armenia!
(http://news.mail.ru/society/arc669351/)
We initially decided that Robert Kocharyan belonged to the Moscow KGB clan. But it was most likely an incorrect conclusion. Because here we are again facing our old problem, already imposed in our teeth: after all, at the end of 1998, the Korzhakov clan united with the Moscow one - so, from now on, these mafias are almost impossible to distinguish from each other. And when we began to understand more thoroughly, it turned out that the earliest evidence we found on the Internet regarding friendly relations between the leadership of the "Karabakh clan" of Armenia and the Moscow clan of Russia dates back to November 26, 1998. At that time, an agreement was concluded between the Government of Armenia and the Government of Moscow - "on cooperation in the trade, economic, scientific, technical, humanitarian and cultural fields."
(http://www.mfa.am/en/country-by-country/ru/)
Which, of course, does not say anything about whether Robert Kocharyan is a Korzhakovite or a "Muscovite" - because by that time the strategic alliance between the Korzhakov and Moscow clans had clearly entered into full force. Nevertheless, as we managed to find out indirectly, the leadership of the "Karabakh clan" most likely still belongs to the Korzhakov clan. Since all sources in one voice testify that in the first half of the 90s the Karabakh group of Kocharyan-Sargsyan had just wonderful relations with President Ter-Petrosyan. Levon Ter-Petrosyan himself never denied that it was he who brought Robert Kocharyan to power in Armenia - and even repeatedly asked for forgiveness from his people that he made such a fatal mistake then!
However, here we can be objected that just the circumstances of wartime did not allow the ruling group of President Ter-Petrosyan to go into conflict with the "Karabakh clan" then. Well, when the war ended safely in 1994 - here, they say, they fought among themselves! But in fact, this argument does not work - because quite acute internal political conflicts in Armenia happened during the war.
For example, the so-called Dashnak Party (Dashnaktsutyun) in the early 1990s was a rather influential force in the country, as it has great international ties and wide fame - since this nationalist party emerged back in 1890, and the Dashnaks headed the government of independent Armenia in 1918-20. And if we go back to the modern era, then during the Armenian-Azerbaijani war of 1991-94, armed detachments of Dashnaks also fought heroically - and even the first head of independent Nagorno-Karabakh was then Dashnak Arthur Mkrtchyan. But all this did not prevent President Ter-Petrosyan from openly showing acute hostility to the Dashnak party since the summer of 1992 - and on December 28, 1994, he completely banned this party. Moreover, Vahan Hovhannisyan and many other prominent leaders of the Dashnaks were then arrested and convicted of terrorism, drug trafficking and other arts. And just in case, we will remind you that December 1994 is the peak of the conflict between the Moscow clan and the then still a single pro-American clan. So, according to our version, most likely, the Dashnak party is a real Moscow clan of Armenia - and not the "Karabakh clan" at all. Moreover, the "Karabakh clan" at that time not only did not even lift a finger to somehow stop this beating of the Dashnak party by President Ter-Petrosyan - but even took the most active part in these repressions. However, in the spring of 1998, President Kocharyan still lifted the ban of this party - and released the convicted Dashnaks (and not all). But all this doesn't tell us much...
We will give here another excerpt from the memoirs of the Russian ambassador to Armenia Vladimir Stupishin, which talks about the connections of the Dashnaks with representatives of the Moscow clan of Russia:
"Another problem arose due to the fact that in 1993 Dashnaks and especially Hrayr Marukhyan quite actively communicated in Moscow with Rutsky and other figures of the anti-Yeltsin opposition, and their representative Aram Karapetyan received accreditation in the Khasbulatov White House. However, as one reliable deputy from the Dashnaktsutyun faction convinced me in October 1993, Aram Karapetyan, left the White House a few days before the rebellion and "it is hardly worth referring to him, trying to accuse the Dashnaks of shashnas with the rebels". However, there were still chashers, which some of the Moscow Dashnaks said to the journalists, praising Rutsky and Hasbulatov... They realized their mistake, and already in November 1993, one of the Dashnak leaders Ruben Hakobyan reported that Dashnaktsutyun representatives met with Lobov and Volsky, and now they are asking for an appointment with Chernomyrdin."
(http://armenianhouse.org/stupishin/docs-ru/mission/22.html)
We will remind you that all Russian politicians mentioned in this passage belong to the Moscow KGB clan. And for the opposite example, it is also worth noting here that President Ter-Petrosyan did not make any such "mistakes" in the fall of 1993 - on the contrary, he fully approved the defeat of the Supreme Soviet of Russia by President Yeltsin. To end the Dashnak party, it should also be added that President Kocharyan in 1998 not only lifted the ban of the Dashnak party - but even invited representatives of this party to the government. So the Russian Wikipedia does not exactly consider the Dashnaks an opposition party. In fact, all this "opposition" of theirs is rather weakly expressed. They have not been seriously fighting the ruling regime for a long time - and for this from time to time they receive various small posts in the Armenian government for their good behavior. For example, in 2008, Dashnaki received portfolios of the Minister of Education and the Minister of Agriculture.
And we'd better draw a line here: Robert Kocharyan most likely belongs to the Korzhakov clan of the Chekist mafia - with an approximate probability of 70 percent.
Now let's move on to the leaders of the state security of Armenia.
On December 4, 1991, the KGB of Armenia was renamed the State Administration of National Security (SNS), headed by Usik Harutyunyan. (http://www.sns.am/index.php/ru/history/brief-history/72-brief-history-of-nss)
6. ARUTYUNYAN Usik Surenovich - Head of the State Department of National Security from December 1991 to February 1992.
Since 1975 - the second secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of Armenia.
He served in the KGB since 1979.
From June 1988 to May 1990 - Minister of Internal Affairs of Armenia.
1990-92 - Chairman of the KGB of Armenia, then Head of the State Security Service of Armenia.
1992-93 - head of the tax inspection.
Since 1993, he has worked at JSC "Zakavkazneftegazstroy-Prometheus" - Deputy Chairman of the Board, Chairman of the Board, First Deputy Chairman of the Board. He headed the Yerevan branch, and was also the director of the representative office of this company in Iraq.
He died in a plane crash on May 3, 2006 - then all 113 passengers and crew members of the Armenian airliner died when landing at the Adler airfield.
Due to the lack of information about General Harutyunyan on Russian-language (or other understandable) websites, we were unable to accurately calculate his clan affiliation. Although it is still possible to determine it approximately, because there is one significant clue for this: this is an official connection in the Soviet period between General Harutyunyan and the future President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan, as we have already talked about when discussing the latter's biography.
As for the Russian company "Zakavkazneftegazstroy-Prometheus", it is engaged in the construction of pipelines - not only in the Caucasus (it participated in the construction of the Baltic pipeline system, the Blue Stream gas pipeline, etc.). But there is little use for this company here - since there is almost no useful information about it on the Internet. And on the own website of this Chekist firm, they do not consider it necessary to report even about its management.
Most likely, General Harutyunyan still belonged to some faction of the pro-American clan of the Chekist mafia: since he was the last chairman of the KGB of Armenia - so he probably participated in the organization of all these democratic committees, parties and movements in Armenia ("Karabakh", AOD and others). Therefore, it was this Chekist general who actually formed the first government of independent Armenia - from his own, proven people. And it will be natural to assume that it was General Harutyunyan who most likely nominated Levon Ter-Petrosyan for president of the country...
However, Usik Harutyunyan was the head of state security of independent Armenia for only a couple of months - that is, he only handed over the cases to his successor there, and then moved to a less prominent position of the head of the tax inspection. But it does not follow from this in any way that General Harutyunyan actually had bad relations with President Ter-Petrosyan. Well, the great democrat Ter-Petrosyan could not have left the former chairman of the KGB of Armenia in his former post: after all, this would not have been understood then neither in the country nor abroad!
And as we have already said, apparently, General Harutyunyan was the chief curator of Levon Ter-Petrosyan on the Chekist line. Moreover, judging by the interview of Harutyunyan himself, an excerpt from which we quoted at the beginning of this part of the book, it was precisely the line of foreign intelligence of the KGB - and not of the 5th Department of the KGB of the USSR, which specialized in dissidents. We would like to remind you that the philologist Ter-Petrosyan, due to his knowledge of Arabic and some other oriental languages, was enrolled in 1977 as a member of one of the reconnaissance and sabotage groups, which were to throw the enemy in the event of the outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East. And it was General Harutyunyan who then recommended the candidacy of reserve lieutenant Ter-Petrosyan for enrollment in the KGB Special Reserve - as it suddenly turned out in the summer of 1992...
In general, most likely, General Harutyunyan belonged to the same mafia group with Levon Ter-Petrosyan - that is, to the KGB family clan. But the probability of this option, according to our approximate estimate, still does not exceed 60% - because we have too little information about what Harutyunyan did after 1993.
As for the plane crash in May 2006, in which Harutyunyan died, it was officially stated then that the Armenian A-320 liner fell into the sea due to bad weather in the landing area: there was too low cloudiness, poor visibility, etc. Although the dispatchers who were negotiating with this crew noticed that the pilot of the plane behaved a little strangely and not even quite adequately. (http://www.transport.ru/1/7/i77_20625p2.htm)
But to commit a terrorist attack, it is not necessary to blow up the plane: it is enough, for example, to secretly treat the pilots with the appropriate special equipment before departure...
But was there a reason, from the point of view of our "conspiracy theory of conspiracies", to remove the former chairman of the KGB of Armenia, General Harutyunyan? We have some reasons to answer this question positively.
Firstly, in 2006 there was no friendship between the family clan and the Moscow-Korzhakov group, which was established between them in 2003-04: it was replaced in 2005 by the next phase of enmity between these mafias.
And secondly, and this is the most important thing, because just a year and a half after this plane crash, in October 2007, former President Levon Ter-Petrosyan suddenly returned to the political scene of Armenia, who had been quietly in his institute for nine years after his resignation, dealing exclusively with his philological science. And then he suddenly put forward his candidacy in the presidential elections held in February 2008 - and then he also tried to raise all the people to fight against the hated criminal regime, which with the help of falsifications allegedly took away his victory in these elections. So an acute political crisis broke out in the country then - and even a civil war almost broke out (we remind you that at least 8 people were then killed by the police during the suppression of these riots). And such events as this failed "color revolution" in Armenia cannot begin spontaneously - usually they are secretly prepared in advance. And for this, in addition to a lot of organizational work within the opposition, good funding is also needed. Moreover, in Armenia itself, the KGB family clan clearly does not have large capital - so this money had to be pumped into the country from outside in advance.
And here it would be useful for us to look at the website of the Russian company "Zakavkazneftegazstroy-Prometheus", in which General Harutyunyan headed the Yerevan branch. And then we will see in the list of divisions of this Chekist construction company that it also owned such "non-core" companies on the territory of Armenia as the bank "Prometheus", as well as a certain "medical center". In addition, there are also a repair company in the Tambov region and branches of the company in Yerevan, Orel and Sochi. (http://www.prometey.com.ru/ru_9.htm)
That is, as we see, it turns out a good financial network, so that with its help, if desired, it is possible to secretly transfer money from Russia - and keep the anti-presidential opposition in Armenia on it!
These are, of course, only general reasoning - which cannot serve as firm evidence of any involvement of General Harutyunyan in the dramatic events that followed his death in February 2008 in Armenia. But if we also take into account that Levon Ter-Petrosyan was secretly connected with Harutyunyan in Soviet times through foreign intelligence, then such a hypothesis already looks, in our opinion, quite plausible. Maybe that's why Ter-Petrosyan failed to overthrow the ruling regime and seize power because the Chekist general Harutyunyan died at the very time? Moreover, even regardless of whether there was just an accident with this plane - or it was actually a disguised terrorist attack.
It should also be added that in Armenia sometimes there are even open, just demonstrative murders of prominent security officers. For example, on July 21, 1993, Lieutenant General Marius Yuzbashyan, former chairman of the KGB of the Armenian SSR (in 1977-88), was shot dead while walking in the park in Yerevan. And General Yuzbashyan, apparently, was also from the pro-American KGB clan - because in July 1992 he helped President Ter-Petrosyan slame the Dashnak party: Yuzbashyan then confirmed in the local press that the leader of this party Hrayr Marukhyan cooperated with the KGB in Soviet times. (http://www.yeltsincenter.ru/print/3282)
Apparently, General Yuzbashyan was killed for this only a year later: after all, he then violated all the unwritten laws of the Chekist world when he handed over the secret KGB agent known to him. So this murder was not even disguised as an accident - they just shot it and that's it. As if this terrorist attack was committed by one Dashnak, who was also then smashed without any trial...
We have already mentioned in this part of the book about General Yuzbashyan: he got to the post of chairman of the KGB of Armenia from the leadership of illegal foreign intelligence (Department "C" of the KGB PGU). And by the way, before that Yuzbashyan served for many years (1956-70) in the German direction of foreign intelligence - in the KGB representative office in the GDR. (http://shieldandsword.mozohin.ru/personnel/yuzbashyan_m_a.htm)
And this also very clearly indicates that this Chekist general belongs to the pro-American KGB clan.
7. Valery Vaharshakovich POGOSYAN was the head of the State Department of National Security from February 1992 to 1993.
Graduated from the Faculty of Physics of Yerevan University. Doctor of Philosophy (1974).
1974-90 - Head of the Editorial Department of Philosophy and Law in the Main Editorial Office of the Armenian Encyclopedia.
1990-91 - Deputy of the Supreme Council of Armenia, Secretary of the Standing Committee on Legal Issues.
1991-92 - Minister of Internal Affairs of Armenia.
1992-93 - Head of the GUNB of Armenia.
1993-96 - Advisor to the Chairman of the Supreme Council.
Since 1996 - member of the Constitutional Court.
Until 1998, he was the chairman of the pardon commission under the President of Armenia.
In our opinion, this text quite clearly indicates that Valery Poghosyan belongs to the same mafia group as former President Levon Ter-Petrosyan:
"Later, in February 2011, the Wikileaks project declassified the depash of the U.S. Vice-Ambassor to Armenia Joseph Pennington, which the diplomat sent to the State Department. It said that a member of the Constitutional Court of Armenia Valery Poghosyan... on the evening of March 6, 2008 secretly appealed to the U.S. Embassy with a request to organize an urgent meeting at his home. The question related to the lawsuit of presidential candidate Levon Ter-Petrosyan (hereinafter LTP) in the Constitutional Court with a demand to annul the results of the elections on February 19, 2008. The depash indicated that Poghosyan "with a gloomy look" during a conspiratorial conversation explained his request by the fact that he knows "what America is advoting for".
"He claimed that President Robert Kocharyan had already decided that on March 8, the hearings in the Constitutional Court should end with a verdict against the LTP. Poghosyan said that late in the evening on March 4 he received a call on behalf of the head of the presidential administration (...) and invited to the residence. Poghosyan noted that he laughed before he refused the caller. In the following days, he ignored the calls, which, according to Poghosyan, were received by at least three other members of the Constitutional Court. He said that the presidential administration threatened to deprive his brother of his job if a member of the Constitutional Court did not answer the calls. Poghosyan explained his absence from the hearings in the Constitutional Court on the LTP lawsuit by the fact that he was unwell, although he himself assured that he would not participate in the meetings, even if he was not sick.
...He admitted that he had reason to fear, stressing that if it were not for the threats, almost all members of the court would have decided in favor of LTP. The authorities, according to Poghosyan, are so shameless that they threatened to arrest Levon Ter-Petrosyan, having no legal basis for it." (http://armenianreport.com/pubs/54340)
Therefore, Valery Poghosyan most likely belongs to the KGB family clan.
And why this philosopher-encyclopedist took the post of head of the state security of Armenia in 1992, moreover, in wartime - we are completely unable to explain this incident. It is also clear that he probably had a strong friendship with the KGB of Armenia in Soviet times. But did the local Chekists have few secret agents then - why did they choose Doctor of Philosophy Poghosyan when the Chekist "democracy" won in this country?! It should be assumed that he was still just a sum "democratic" person - and in reality everything was led by his deputies or assistants from among the personnel officers of the state security. We do not think that the dream of the great ancient Greek Plato that the time would come true in Armenia that the time would be ruled by sage philosophers...
8. Eduard Grigorievich SIMONYANTS was the head of the State Department of National Security from 1993 to January 1994.
Graduated from the Technological Oil Institute in Grozny. Until 1990, he worked in his specialty at enterprises in Moscow and Armenia, dealing with the problems of microbiology.
At the end of 1990, he was appointed First Deputy Chief Advisor to the President of Armenia for National Security.
In 1993-94, he was the head of the GUNB of Armenia.
Since 1994, he has worked in various positions in the national security apparatus.
Until June 2000, he was the head of the Department of State Reserves under the Government of Armenia.
Later he was the head of the analytical group of AIC "Varkats".
He died on November 30, 2005, at the age of 68 - "after a serious illness".
Most likely, General Simonyants was also part of the family clan - because before he headed the state security, he served as an adviser to President Ter-Petrosyan for three years. In addition, after his resignation from the government, Simonyants belonged to the opposition to the regime of President Kocharyan. Here is a message for April 28, 2004 to illustrate:
"A member of the Council of Elders of the Intellectuals Forum Eduard Simonyants accused President Kocharyan on the pages of the newspaper "Aravot" that the agreements adopted on April 8 at the meeting of representatives of the ruling coalition with the opposition were not being implemented, and the second such meeting was disrupted." (http://www.regnum.ru/news/254232.html)
Eduard Simonyants really worked as a microbiologist in Soviet times: in any case, we found information on the Internet that he owned three patents in this scientific field. But the fact that he always kept silent about the institutions in which he was engaged in this science leads us to certain thoughts: after all, it is quite possible that these were some super-secret scientific centers where biological weapons were developed. And this, in turn, means that Simonyants could then make strong friends with the Chekists on the basis of his microbiology: after all, any special service needs such special means, with which you can remove unnecessary people without any noise - under the guise of a "serious illness".
And by the way, didn't General Simonyants himself fall victim to his advanced science? After all, just five months after Simonyanets' death, another former head of the state security of Armenia, General Harutyunyan, died in a plane crash (May 3, 2006). Although, of course, at the age of 68 it was quite possible to leave for natural reasons.
But all this is dark - and no one will prove anything here. One thing we can say here more or less confidently: Eduard Simonyants was clearly not a deck person who was appointed head of state security only for the sake of appearance - and he was a real "security force". Because before that he held the position of adviser to the President of Armenia on national security - and this was not at all the post where only speeches are made and flaunted in public...
It is also necessary to mention here that Eduard Simonyants did not resign from the post of the head of state security of Armenia at his own request - and he was demonstratively dismissed in January 1994 by President Ter-Petrosyan. Here is the message about it for January 1994:
"In mid-January, the press reported that the State Department of National Security (SGUB) was reorganized by the decree of the President of Armenia. All operational services have been disbanded, the activities of their employees have been suspended, the head of the GUNB Eduard Simonyants has been removed from his post."
(http://www.igpi.ru/monitoring/1047645476/jan1994/Armeniya0194.htm)
We didn't manage to find out anything about the reasons for such disfaver for sure. But it's easy to guess about it: after all, the offensive of the Azerbaijani army in Karabakh, which began in December 1993, continued throughout January 1994. Moreover, the greatest success of the Azerbaijanis then was the liberation of the Horadiz railway station on January 6. So, most likely, General Simonyanets then had to answer for all these failures of the Nagorno-Karabakh self-defense forces: since Armenian intelligence clearly missed the preparation of this offensive by the Azerbaijani army - and could not determine in advance the date of its start and the direction of the main strike.
Although in fact these were only temporary difficulties for the Karabakh army - since already in the spring of 1994 it went on the counteroffensive and recaptured back from the Azerbaijanis almost all the territories liberated by them this winter.
9. David Gurgenovich SHAKHNAZARYAN - Head of the State Department of National Security of Armenia from January 1994 to May 1995.
He graduated from Yerevan State University in 1976. Physicist. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.
Since 1988 - one of the founders of the "Karabakh" committee.
1990-95 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR. Member of the board of AOD.
1994-95 - Head of the GUNB of Armenia.
1995-99 - Deputy of parliament. Member of the AOD party.
1998 - ran for president of Armenia and received 0.5% of the votes in these elections.
Since 1999 - member of the board of the opposition party AOD, head of the center "Consent". Until 2012, Shahnazaryan was also a member of the board of the ANC opposition bloc.
David Shahnazaryan, most likely, also belongs to the family clan of the KGB - since he has long been waging an irreconcilable struggle with the ruling "Karabakh clan" of Kocharyan-Sargsyan in Armenia. For example, here is the message for December 18, 2010:
"In Martuni, one of the speakers was ANC member David Shahnazaryan, who said that the authorities did not have much time left. "This power will not be destroyed gradually. Like all tyranny, it will be destroyed at once, collapse within a few hours, and this moment is not far away," Shahnazaryan said." (http://www.regnum.ru/news/1358027.html)
But this statement of Shakhnazaryan will be even worse:
"David Shahnazaryan: "The Karabakh clan has caused more harm and division to the Armenian statehood than the Turks and Azerbaijanis combined" 08.12.2011.14-32 ARMENIA Today." (http://www.ladno.ru/actarch/14123.html)
But how physicist Shahnazaryan became the head of the state security of Armenia, it is now difficult to establish for sure - since it is impossible to understand anything from his extremely concise biography, which is posted on the Web. It is not even known in which field of physics he specialized - and sometimes even such information gives some clue. So it is only known that in 1980 Shahnazaryan graduated from graduate school in Moscow - then there is an extensive gap in his biography - and in 1988 he joined the "Karabakh" committee, where he became an associate of Levon Ter-Petrosyan.
There is still such a little information to think about. When the talk among the Armenian opposition once again began that, they say, it would be good to arrange lustration for former secret agents of the Soviet special services, as it has long been done in Eastern European countries - David Shahnazaryan held a special press conference on this occasion on December 8, 2011, where he categorically rejected such an idea. He said it something like this: those who offer all this have simply never seen the secret documents of the KGB. So it would be necessary to give them all these documents for review, taking a receipt of non-disclosure from them in advance - and then they will be horrified and refuse any lustration themselves!
(http://www.armtoday.info/default.asp? Lang=_Ru&NewsID=56697)
Of course, Shahnazaryan knows better here: at one time he has already familiarized himself with these extensive lists of secret agents of the KGB of Armenia, it must be assumed.
It is interesting to know, for example, whether there was at least one non-knocker in this famous Armenian committee "Karabakh" at the time? In our opinion, it is quite possible that one or two decent people still got there - but only with the sanction of the Chekists, of course...
Let's move on. In 1995, the State Department of National Security of Armenia was renamed the Ministry - and it was then headed by the future President of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan.
And in November 1996, the Ministry of National Security was merged with the Ministry of Internal Affairs - and this combined ministry was also headed by Sargsyan.
10. Serzh Azatovich SARGSYAN - Minister of National Security of Armenia since May 1995, Minister of Internal Affairs and National Security from November 1996 to summer 1999, Minister of National Security until November 1999.
(Another, more traditional version of the spelling of his surname is also widely distributed in the Russian media: "Sargsyan". But we still decided to stick to the official option - because it's easier to distinguish the current president of Armenia from other numerous Sargsyans.)
He was born in the city of Stepanakert - the capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous District of the Azerbaijan SSR. In 1979 he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Yerevan University. In 1979, he returned to Stepanakert, was a Komsomol and party functionary. In 1983-85, he worked as the first secretary of the city committee of the Komsomol. Since 1985, he has held the position of assistant to the first secretary of the regional committee of the Communist Party of the Nagorno-Karabakh region.
Since 1988, Sargsyan has been one of the leaders of the "Artsakh Movement", whose members fought for the withdrawal of the Nagorno-Karabakh region from the Azerbaijan SSR. He was at the origin of the creation of the Nagorno-Karabakh self-defense forces. In the spring of 1990, Sargsyan became a deputy of the Supreme Council of Armenia. In 1990-91, he worked as the manager of the Nagorno-Karabakh branch of the Intourist company.
From 1992 to 1993, he was acting Minister of Defense of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.
Under Sargsyan's leadership, the NKR armed forces achieved a number of successes during the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict of 1992-1994. Thus, in 1992, the Azerbaijani cities of Khojaly, Shusha and Lachin were taken. In April 1993, the NKR forces captured the city of Kelbajar, resulting in the creation of a corridor connecting the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic with Armenia.
On August 21, 1993, Armenian President Ter-Petrosyan appointed Sargsyan as Minister of Defense of Armenia.
On May 18, 1995, Sargsyan became the chairman of the State Administration of National Security of Armenia (SUND), which was then renamed the Ministry. In November 1996, he was appointed head of the Joint Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Security (MVDNB).
After the resignation of President Ter-Petrosyan in February 1998, Serzh Sargsyan was considered one of the possible presidential candidates, but he supported the candidacy of Robert Kocharyan. As a result, he became the head of Armenia in March 1998.
In the summer of 1999, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the National Security Service was divided again and Sargisyan became the Minister of National Security.
On October 27, 1999, a group of terrorists entered the building of the National Assembly of Armenia and took a number of deputies and politicians hostage. As a result, eight people were killed, including Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan and Speaker of Parliament Karen Demirchyan. After the terrorist attack, the military led by Defense Minister Vagharshak Harutyunyan demanded the resignation of the Prosecutor General, the Minister of National Security and the Minister of Internal Affairs. Sargsyan himself resigned.
In November 1999, Sargsyan was appointed head of the Presidential Administration, and in December also secretary of the National Security Council.
In May 2000, Kocharyan dismissed Prime Minister Aram Sargsyan (brother of the murdered Vazgen Sargsyan) and Defense Minister Harutyunyan. In the new government, headed by Andranik Margaryan, Sargsyan received the post of Minister of Defense, retaining the position of Secretary of the National Security Council.
In the presidential elections of 2003, Sargsyan headed Kocharyan's election headquarters. After Margaryan died of a heart attack on March 25, 2007, Sargsyan became acting Prime Minister. On April 4, 2007, he was appointed Prime Minister.
On September 14, 2007, President Kocharyan announced that he would support Sargsyan in the upcoming presidential elections in February 2008. On November 10, 2007, Sargsyan was elected chairman of the ruling RPA. Previously, this post was held by Margaryan.
On February 19, 2008, Sargsyan won the presidential election in the first round, gaining 53% of the votes. The second place was taken by former President Levon Ter-Petrosyan (22% of votes), Ter-Petrosyan did not recognize Sargsyan's victory. Already on January 20, 2008, supporters of the ex-president held a protest rally in Yerevan, which was attended by several thousand people. On the morning of March 1, 2008, the police dispersed another rally of Ter-Petrosyan's supporters. After that, the protest turned into an armed clash with the police, accompanied by mass riots. On the same day, President Kocharyan announced the introduction of a state of emergency in Yerevan.
On April 9, 2008, Sargsyan took office as President of Armenia.
During the war in South Ossetia in August 2008, Sargsyan took a cautious position and did not support the declaration of independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, made on August 26 by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev.
In October 2008, Russian President Medvedev visited Armenia, in early November, at the beginning of November, a meeting between Sargsyan and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev was held in the Moscow region. Sargsyan and Aliyev signed a declaration, which referred to the intensification of negotiations on the settlement of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. Subsequently, Sargsyan and Aliyev held several more meetings; in particular, in May 2009 it was reported that they reached an agreement on the basic principles of conflict settlement in Nagorno-Karabakh.
Since the second half of 2008, previously tense relations between Armenia and Turkey have also begun to improve significantly.
Less than two months after the 2008 war, the Georgian authorities awarded President Sargsyan the Order of the Golden Fleece and the Order of Honor.
In November 2009, he received the Russian regional order "For Merit to the Kaliningrad Region".
We have already talked about the current President of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan: according to our version, this representative of the "Karabakh clan" of Armenia belongs to the Korzhakov clan of the Chekist mafia.
So it's not for nothing that Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili awarded Sargsyan with two orders at once - after all, Saakashvili is also a Korzhakov, according to our version. Apparently, one order was then for non-recognition of the independence of South Ossetia - and the other order for Abkhazia (like a joke).
It is also indicative that President Sargsyan was awarded his regional order by Kaliningrad Governor Georgy Boos, a representative of the Moscow clan.
To illustrate the close connection of President Sargsyan with the Moscow clan, we can also offer, for example, the following message for October 28, 2010:
"The "Chorrord Inknishkhanutyun" ("Fourth Power") continues to publish the topic of dubious transactions between the former mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov and the Armenian authorities. The fall of Luzhkov was indeed an unexpected and difficult test for Serzh Sargsyan's regime, as well as for those from Russia who helped Sargsyan improve the model of authoritarian governance, the newspaper writes." (http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1341299.html)
Another small remark: if anyone still doubts that Serzh Sargsyan has made a brilliant political career mainly thanks to his strong friendship with the KGB - then such skeptics should certainly be convinced by the leadership position that Sargsyan held in 1990-91 in the Chekist firm "Intourist". After all, it was actually even worser then than the service in the KGB border troops of future presidents Lukashenko, Yushchenko and Saakashvili!
PRESIDENT KOCHARYAN'S BOARD
1. Robert Sedrakovich KOCHARYAN was the President of Armenia from March 30, 1998 to April 9, 2008. Korzhakov clan.
2. DARBINYAN Armen Razmikovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from April 10, 1998 to June 11, 1999.
In 1986 he graduated from the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University. In 1986-89 he was a graduate student at Moscow State University. Candidate of Economic Sciences.
In 1989-92, he worked in the representative office of Armenia in Moscow, where he held the position of head of department.
In 1992-94 - General Director of the Armenian Foreign Trade Association "Armenintorg".
In 1994-97 - First Deputy Chairman of the Central Bank of Armenia.
In 1997-98 - Minister of Finance and Economy of Armenia.
In 1998-99 - Prime Minister of Armenia.
In June-November 1999 - Minister of Economy of Armenia.
Since 2000 - co-chairman of the Board of Trustees, and since 2001 - Rector of the Russian-Armenian State University.
Since 2005 - member of the Expert Council of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.
In November 2009, he was awarded the medal "For Merit to the Kaliningrad Region".
In May 2013, he became a member of the Board of Directors of ArmenTel (property of the Russian company Vimpelcom).
According to analysts, Armen Darbinyan at the age of 33 headed the government of the country exclusively under the protection of President Kocharyan. They say, Robert Kocharyan himself, although he graduated from one Yerevan institute, but in fact he was not well educated (he is more fond of sports) - he was impressed by the great learning of this young economist. But just a year later, President Kocharyan had to dismiss Prime Minister Darbinyan: it was just necessary to answer someone for the deep crisis into which the economy of Armenia slipped after our Russian default, which occurred in August 1998.
We also came across this message on the Internet:
"...having left the post of prime minister, Darbinyan remained President Kocharyan's favorite for a long time, until 2003." (http://nationalidea.am/articles.php? id=202&l=R)
So, Armen Darbinyan clearly belongs to the same mafia group as Robert Kocharyan - that is, he also most likely belongs to the Korzhakov clan.
And it seems that Armen Darbinyan still remains a "favorite" of the country's ruling regime - because this is the only way we can explain why this Korzhakov resident got a management position in Armentel. After all, this Armenian company is a hundred percent "daughter" of Vimpelcom - and it, in turn, is controlled by the Alfa-Group concern. That is, it turns out that Darbinyan took the position of director in a company from the family clan of the KGB. But there is nothing surprising in this: at least one representative of the ruling elite of Armenia should have been present on the board of directors of this "Armentel" - so to speak, for communication. And since it is strictly forbidden for current government officials to hold such positions in private companies, retired Prime Minister Darbinyan was appointed there.
In our opinion, it is more indicative that Armen Darbinyan is closely associated with the Accounts Chamber of Russia - since the head of this department, Sergei Stepashin, who has long since turned it into a real "nest" for his Moscow-Korzhakov group.
And it was not for nothing that we mentioned here that Darbinyan was awarded the medal of the Kaliningrad region. We did not find out for what such great merits he received this high regional award - but apparently, the thing is that the Kaliningrad region was then headed by Georgy Boos, a representative of the Moscow clan of the KGB.
3. SARKISYAN Vazgen Zavenovich is the Prime Minister of Armenia from June 11 to October 27, 1999.
In 1980, he graduated from the Yerevan Institute of Physical Education, worked as a physical education teacher at a secondary school in his native village.
1983-86 - Secretary of the Komsomol Organization of the Ararat Cement Plant.
Since 1983 - member of the Union of Writers of the USSR.
1986-89 - Head of the Department of Journalism of the literary magazine "Garun".
1990-95 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR, Chairman of the Standing Committee on Defense and Internal Affairs.
1990-92 - commander of volunteer detachments in Nagorno-Karabakh.
1991-92 - Minister of Defense of the Republic of Armenia.
1992-93 - Advisor to the President of the Republic of Armenia on Defense.
Since 1993 - chairman of the volunteer union "Yerkrapa" ("People's Militia").
1993-95 - Minister of State for Defense, Security and Internal Affairs of the Republic of Armenia.
1995-99 - Minister of Defense of the Republic of Armenia.
From June to October 1999 - Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia.
Died as a result of a terrorist act on October 27, 1999 in the Armenian parliament.
In our opinion, Vazgen Sargsyan's clan affiliation can be unambiguously defined by his position during the acute political crisis in early 1998, when he fully supported the "Karabakh clan" in its struggle against President Ter-Petrosyan. Here is a message on this topic:
"On February 3, 1998, Ter-Petrosyan resigned from the post of president of the country due to the pressure of the security forces, who did not accept his defeatist policy in the negotiations on Karabakh. Prime Minister Robert Kocharyan, Defense Minister Vazgen Sargsyan and Minister of Internal Affairs and National Security Serzh Sargsyan did not support Ter-Petrosyan's proposed plan to resolve the Karabakh conflict, which included the demilitarization of the conflict zone and the return to Azerbaijan of a number of settlements "liberated" during the war.
(http://maxpark.com/community/2817/content/1916670)
And in the presidential elections in March 1998, Vazgen Sargsyan supported the candidacy of Robert Kocharyan - which greatly contributed to his victory.
It would seem that everything is already very clear here: the late Vazgen Sargsyan probably belonged to the same mafia group as the "Karabakh clan" - that is, to the Korzhakov clan of the Chekist mafia. But there is such a contradiction here: if you get acquainted with the numerous materials of the oteract on October 27, 1999, during which Prime Minister Sargsyan was shot, it turns out that the majority of Armenian analysts and journalists firmly believe that the main organizer of this murder was then-President Robert Kocharyan! As if Kocharyan did not like the fact that Vazgen Sargsyan, after his appointment as the head of government, took all the real power on himself - and the president of the country allegedly became a purely nominal figure then...
Maybe it's true, then there was a kind of gnawing for power within the ruling elite of Armenia - because even belonging to one Chekist clan does not always prevent such internal conflicts. But as far as we know, it almost never comes to the murders of major political figures in such cases: because usually the Chekists try to settle all disagreements within their mafia groups peacefully. And then 8 politicians were killed at once - after all, in addition to Prime Minister Sargsyan, terrorists then killed Speaker Karen Demirchyan, two of his deputies, one minister and three deputies in parliament.
Moreover, the leader of this group of five armed terrorists who took hostages in parliament, a young journalist Nairi Unanyan, later said at the trial that they were then determined to kill only Prime Minister Sargsyan - and the rest of their victims, they say, just accidentally came under his arm. And it seems that this is true: since eyewitnesses from among the captured hostages say that Unanyan repeatedly approached Sargsyan's corpse lying on the floor - and kicked him. Whereas this half-crazy terrorist did not pay any attention to the other dead...
We came across a very interesting text on the Internet on the topic of this terrorist attack on October 27, 1999, from which we will give here some fragments. This is an interview with Major General Eduard Simonyanets, former head of the state security of Armenia, which he gave on February 24, 2001.
"- Eduard Grigorievich, let's start with the crime itself. Maybe it will turn out that the criminals themselves do not know their customers?
- Quite, but it cannot be ruled out that customers are known to them.
- Then, for the first case, it should be assumed that unusually advanced methods of ordering a crime were used.
- The human psyche is quite studied. So much so that all these methods exist at the level of instructions. And the worse the situation of the country, the easier it is to find performers. In a difficult socio-economic situation, when many believe that the authorities are criminal, you can find a sufficient number of people ready to shoot. It remains to highlight and prepare them. In principle, any person with shortcomings lends itself to suggestion, but it is better to deal with someone who is ready to commit a crime for one reason or another, and lead her to it. (...)
- So the criminal, it turns out, is zombified?
- Rather: the criminal is convinced that his terror is benign, that this is the only opportunity to save the country, realize himself as a person, etc. The work is laborious, but so developed that today it is just a large amount of routine procedures that almost do not require a creative approach. And if you also choose a person with the appropriate psycho-physiological characteristics, then success is guaranteed. (...)
- And yet not everything is clear. According to classical scenarios, it is customary to remove killers after a terrorist attack. And in any case, do not give them a tribune in the form of a dock. During the time after the crime and before the trial, criminals, without experiencing mental pressure from an implicit customer, can realize a lot, guess a lot and declare their customer. Or your suspicions.
- The criminal himself, as we have already said, may not know his customer. And if its development was carried out competently, without major punctures, then he should not know. (...)
As for the tribune - the crime from the very beginning could have been planned in this way, and the trial in it could initially be one of the actions of a terrorist attack. If you notice, the criminals are not broken, they do not experience the usual sense of guilt, inherent even in mother-to-sears. Their crime is illogical, they also shot representatives of the old government, which, according to their own beliefs, built, not destroyed. Setting up a terrorist attack is above logic for them.
- And this is a consequence of manipulating their psyche?
- This is a consequence of a certain work. And manipulation of the psyche or not - let me stay within the framework of corporate ethics."
(http://www.agentura.ru/text/press/opponent/simon.txt)
How easy it is to do all this, it turns out! You just need to find a few idiots with suitable "psycho-physiological characteristics" who can easily instill anything - and then work with them properly according to secret Chekist methods. And then give them machine guns in their hands - and, please, a group of terrorists is ready! And now they are already breaking into the parliament hall - and with snooring screams ("stop drinking people's blood!"), opening a crowd for everyone who sits in the presidium...
And apparently, they didn't know what to do next. Apparently, these terrorists were convinced that everything was already prepared: so immediately after the seizure of the parliament, an armed uprising will begin - and after them the whole people will rise to fight against tyranny! And when these young men soon realized that nothing like that would happen, they were completely confused - and after short negotiations they surrendered to the authorities. True, they were previously allowed to make a statement on television at their request, but the terrorists did not say anything particularly remarkable there. So, there was some kind of childish babbling, an attempt to justify his actions...
And by the way, it seems that these "psycho-physiological characteristics", which are so valuable for the special services, seem to be inherited - since the group of these crazy terrorists who attacked the parliament included the brother and uncle of their leader Nairi Unanyan.
But this is a trifle, because there is a more important question: so, which Chekist clan actually organized this terrorist attack?
When solving this problem, we proceed from the fact that according to our "conspiracy theory", the peak of the clash between the St. Petersburg-family and Moscow-Korzhakov groups of the Chekist mafia falls in the fall of 1999. One has only to remember what horrors happened in Russia at that time: explosions of residential buildings, war in Chechnya, etc. Against this background, even this murder of eight politicians in Armenia does not look so scary yet!
Therefore, it turns out that the terrorist attack on October 27, 1999 in Armenia was most likely staged by the KGB family clan. Moreover, it is quite possible that the main goal of the terrorists was not even the murder of Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan - namely, to discredit the then president of the country Robert Kocharyan. After all, many in Armenia are still firmly convinced that it was Robert Kocharyan who eliminated his political competitor then. They say that Vazgen Sargsyan was then very popular in Armenia and even in Nagorno-Karabakh, where he fought heroically at one time. The ruling "Karabakh clan" tried to remove it...
What does it mean, a well-executed political murder! After all, just bang a prominent politician, in principle, any fool will be able to - but you try to do it all this way, and with someone else's hands, so that everyone thinks not about you, but about your enemies...
Of course, only the Chekists can organize all this.
And another interesting question arises here: why, actually speaking, did General Simonyants even be so revealed then? After all, he clearly went far beyond his "corporate ethics" when he gave out such a terrible Chekist secret: it turns out that our special services have long had official instructions - how to properly carry out a terrorist act with someone else's hands. And Simonyants even revealed some rather important details about how suitable performers are selected for such special operations. Well, is it possible to tell such things to ordinary people! After all, those who are smarter will immediately understand: so, it turns out, what our special services are actually doing! And we thought that they really only catch terrorists and enemy spies...
Our version to explain such excessive frankness of General Simonyanets will be as follows: Eduard Simonyants, as we previously established, belongs to the family clan of the Chekist mafia. Namely, this mafia group most likely organized a terrorist attack in the Armenian parliament. Moreover, it was very important for the family clan then not only to kill Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan - but also to hang this murder on President Kocharyan and his associates, who then led the state security of the country. And for this it was necessary, first of all, to refute the official version that no one was standing behind this terrorist group: they say, just a few idiots on their own then thought of taking machine guns - and going to the country's parliament to shoot from the heart! Fortunately, the parliamentary security was then purely symbolic - and there were not even any metal detectors at the entrance...
Moreover, the ruling elite of Armenia could not even hang this terrorist attack on the special services of Azerbaijan or Turkey - because it could only aggravate the international situation and cause a new military conflict (no one needs at all). And it would never have occurred to anyone in Armenia to accuse the special services of Russia or the United States of something like this.
4. SARKISYAN Aram Zavenovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from November 3, 1999 to May 2, 2000.
Younger brother of the murdered Prime Minister of Armenia Vazgen Sargsyan.
1989-93 - worked in the trust "Araratpromstroy" as a ten-timer, head of the laboratory, chief engineer.
1993-99 - worked in the association "Araratcement" as an assistant director, deputy general director, general director.
1999-2000 - Prime Minister of Armenia.
1999-2001 - was a member of the RPA party, and in 2001 - founded and headed the opposition party "Respublika".
2000-2002 - General Director of SJSC "Araratcement".
In 2003, he was a presidential candidate of Armenia. Received 0.2% of the votes in this presidential election.
2003-07 - deputy of parliament.
If we compare this biography of Aram Sargsyan with the biography of his older brother Vazgen Sargsyan, we will immediately see that Aram Sargsyan has never been his true companion. After all, even Aram Sargsyan got to the Araratcement plant only seven years after Vazgen resigned from there from the post of Komsomol head. And there are no more common points of contact in their biographies: since Aram was not engaged in journalism, did not fought in Karabakh and practically did not engage in politics until 1999 - but simply worked peacefully at his cement plant. And it is quite obvious that if the terrorists had not killed his brother in October 1999, Aram Sargsyan would hardly ever have been appointed head of government. But this demonstrative murder of Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsyan, who is very popular among the people, caused such a wave of general indignation in the country - that on this wave the modest director of the plant Aram Sargsyan was immediately elevated to the very top of power. And his dead brother in Armenia was then erected monuments and named after him streets, schools and military units. So President Kocharyan could do nothing then against the elevation of his brother Aram Sargsyan, because his hands were tied at that moment: after all, many were sure that Kocharyan was involved in organizing a terrorist attack in parliament - so the president was literally on the back of the impeachment procedure. In order to escape from all this political storm, President Kocharyan was then simply forced to appoint Aram Sargsyan as Prime Minister of the country.
As for Aram Sargsyan himself, he apparently had no doubt that President Kocharyan was somehow involved in the murder of his brother Vazgen. Because after his resignation from the government, Aram Sargsyan went into a radical opposition to President Kocharyan - and tried in every possible way to raise the people to fight against him.
This message for January 28, 2013 tells everything in great detail:
"The result of A. Sargsyan's radical position was increased pressure from the authorities on his family members and close circle. Several people close to the leader of the "Republic" were arrested, including his brother Armen Sargsyan, sentenced to 15 years in prison on charges of organizing the murder of the head of Public Television Tigran Naghdalyan. A. Sargsyan was one of the main initiators of the boycott of the parliament. He managed to get an appropriate decision from the "Justice" bloc in protest against the authorities' refusal to hold a referendum on confidence in the president. In the spring of 2004, the most influential opposition forces joined forces and organized mass protests demanding the resignation of the authorities, thanks to the efforts of A. Sargsyan. ...The desire to settle accounts with the Karabakh clan led him to the ANC movement led by Levon Ter-Petrosyan. However, the further steps of the first president of Armenia, in particular, his indecision and intention to cooperate with Tsarukyan's party "Prosperous Armenia", were negatively perceived by Sargsyan, and the "Republic" party withdrew from the ANC. Aram Sargsyan is distinguished by principle, strong-willed character and readiness to defend his position to the end. At the same time, in many ways his struggle against the current Armenian authorities is due to the desire to avenge the murder of his brother, in which he blames Robert Kocharyan and Serzh Sargsyan." (http://irevanaz.com/rus/index.php? newsid=1247)
Another small note: the largest oligarch of Armenia Gagik Tsarukyan, who is mentioned here, is the main business partner of Robert Kocharyan. Some experts even believe that Tsarukyan only manages the capital that actually belongs to former President Kocharyan. It is also worth noting here that it was Tsarukyan who privatized the state cement plant in the city of Ararat in 2002, which was then headed by Aram Sargsyan - after which he dismissed him from the post of general director.
That is, we clearly see that Aram Sargsyan belongs to the family clan of the KGB - and is now stubbornly fighting with the Korzhakovites from the ruling "Karabakh clan". And this means that in fact brothers Aram and Vazgen Sargsyan are most likely from different clans of the Chekist mafia. This happens not so rarely with brothers - and even in the Caucasus, as it turned out.
But whether Aram Sargsyan was re-recruited by the family clan as a secret agent - or he simply became the object of skillful manipulation by this mafia when he was offered to engage in politics in order to "avenge his brother's death" - it is not so important, since the final result did not depend much on it.
So it is not surprising that Prime Minister Aram Sargsyan managed to hold out for only six months then. Here's a message about it:
"And so, having accurately calculated the balance of power and chosen a convenient moment, President Kocharyan dismissed Aram Sargsyan by his decree of May 2. As a motive for this decision, the fact that the executive branch became a hotbed of intrigue and political conspiracies against the president was emphasized. Ten days later, Andranik Markaryan was appointed the new Prime Minister."
(http://nationalidea.am/articles.php? id=202&l=R)
And from all this it will be possible to draw such an additional conclusion regarding the terrorist attack of October 27, 1999: it may very well be that the family clan from the very beginning planned to carry out this combination with pushing Aram Sargsyan into prime ministers. And then it turns out that in fact this mass murder was organized to achieve exactly this goal. After all, if then it was possible, even if only for six months, to get your hands on the post of head of the country's government - then probably all the costs of this special operation paid off many times over!
5. MARKARYAN Andranik Naapetovich - Prime Minister of Armenia from May 12, 2000 to March 25, 2007.
In 1972, he graduated from the Faculty of Cybernetics of the Yerevan Polytechnic Institute.
Since 1968 he was a member of the National United Party (NOP), which operated underground during the Soviet years, since 1973 he has been a member of the NOP council.
1972-74 - worked in the Yerevan branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Gas Industry as a researcher, senior engineer.
1974-76 - was arrested for spreading his ideas and anti-Soviet activities and served two years in prison.
1977-78 - Chief Engineer of the Research Institute of Energy of Armenia.
1978-79 - Head of the Yerevan Electrotechnical Plant Department.
1979-90 - Head of the Department of the Information and Computing Center of the Ministry of Trade of Armenia.
1990-94 - Head of the Information Department of the State Administration of Special Programs.
Since 1992 he has been a member of the Republican Party of Armenia. Chairman of the RPA Council from 1993 to 2005.
Since 1998 - a member of the Union of Volunteers of Yerkrap (SDE), later - a member of the Board of the SDE.
1994-95 - Junior Researcher of the Engineering University of Armenia.
1995-2000 - Deputy of Parliament.
2000-07 - Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia.
On March 25, 2007, he died of cardiac arrest at the age of 55.
Of course, Andranik Markaryan belonged to the same mafia group as President Kocharyan, with whom he always had a wonderful relationship - that is, he is most likely from the Korzhakov KGB clan. Here is a message for September 2010 to illustrate:
"Markaryan's role in domestic political life was evaluated in two ways: on the one hand, the prime minister was considered a person who helped the Kocharyan-Sargsyan tandem to maintain power, on the other hand, he patronized old friends inside the power."
(http://nationalidea.am/articles.php? id=202&l=R)
In addition, Markaryan has headed the Republican Party for many years, since 1993, which is now in power in the country. And no one would have just given him seven years to hold the post of prime minister if he wasn't a Korzhakov resident. Moreover, 10 prime ministers have changed in Armenia in 20 years of independence - that is, on average, each of them has only two years of tenure in this post.
However, the sudden early death of Markaryan is somewhat alarming: since only 55 years of life, it will somehow not be enough for the Caucasus.
Here is the message about it for March 25, 2013:
"His death was unexpected, because he had not complained of health problems before. ...Margaryan's death at the "right" moment cleared the way for Sargsyan, and the latter first headed the RPA list in the parliamentary elections, and then became the RPA candidate for president." (http://www.7or.am/ru/news/view/49331/)
Indeed, the death of Prime Minister Markaryan occurred at some suspicious time for the current president of the country Serzh Sargsyan: less than a year before the presidential elections on February 19, 2008. That is, earlier there was no reason to die for Markarian - and later, when he had already announced his participation in these elections, his sudden death could cause even more unnecessary conversations.
But, first of all, they lied a lot here: because in fact Markaryan still had serious health problems, since in 1999 he underwent a "complex heart surgery". (http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/112681/)
And secondly, even if Andranik Markaryan was really eliminated without much noise, it does not mean that Sargsyan and Markaryan were from different Chekist clans. After all, we must not forget that for their Chekist curators, all these Markers are just knockers recruited by them. That is, in fact, they have always been just pawns, consumables for the Chekist mafia. And this means that it is no longer needed for the Chekists - and hello, they will immediately bury you with great honors!
Moreover, specifically for Andranik Markaryan, we have that rather rare case when it is already completely clear how this figure started working for the Chekist mafia. Here is the report on this for August 5, 2003:
"I declare with all responsibility that the Prime Minister of our republic Andranik Markaryan was recruited by the special service of a foreign state, he is a Chekist. In Soviet times, he was recruited with the help of brute force, and then by fate, which should cause our serious concern," said the chairman of the Self-Determination Association, well-known human rights activist Paruyr Hayrikyan, at a press conference on Tuesday.
...Paruyr Hayrikyan, who had been expelled from the USSR for more than 17 years in Soviet prisons and camps in 1988, together with the current Prime Minister of Armenia, Andranik Markarian, were members of the United National Party, which actively fought for the independence of Armenia in the 1990s. Both of them were arrested, but Andranik Markaryan filed a petition for pardon in 1974, and according to Paruyr Hayrikyan, he became a "KGB henchman". (http://www.caucasustimes.com/article.asp? id=2562)
We can also state with all responsibility that Andranik Markaryan certainly became a secret agent of the KGB of Armenia at the latest in 1976, when he was released - and soon received the position of chief engineer at the Research Institute. Because there was never such a thing in Soviet times that a former political prisoner was entrusted with any managerial work - if, of course, he was not a recruited knocker. And if you haven't been broken in prisons and camps and completely "re-educated" there - then you'll be only a digger or a digger later in the wild! And they did not give real dissidents such child terms in the 70s, only two years: at least, then they were supposed to be "five" - and sometimes they also issued additional terms in the camps.
All this suggests that the Chekists could have recruited Markaryan even earlier - and tried to introduce him later into this underground organization "United National Party". Well, after the defeat of this nationalist "party", he was put in prison for a couple of years. Knockers in such cases usually preferred to serve a short period of time (and on preferential terms) than to remain free and at the same time completely "conspire" in front of everyone. And since Markaryan always proudly stated that he began to fight totalitarianism at the age of 15, he simply could not fail to register with the local district department of the KGB at a very young age.
It can also be added that in Soviet times only the most proven people were allowed to work in any information and computing centers. So, if this ardent fighter for democracy already in 1979, that is, just three years after his release from prison, took the post of head of the information department in the ministry - then, therefore, Markaryan by that time had already earned full confidence from the state security bodies. You can not say anything further, everything is clear...
6. Serzh Azatovich SARKISYAN is the Prime Minister of Armenia from April 4, 2007 to April 9, 2008.
We've already talked about him. Korzhakov clan of the Chekist mafia.
Now let's move on to the state security agencies of Armenia.
On December 17, 2002, the Ministry of National Security was renamed the National Security Service (NSS).
7. Petrosyan Carlos Khachikovich is the Minister of National Security of Armenia from November 13, 1999 to December 17, 2002, then the Director of the National Security Service until November 5, 2004.
In 1975, he graduated from the Faculty of Law of Yerevan State University.
1977-84 - senior investigator of the Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Sevan.
1984-88 - head of the investigation department of the Department of Internal Affairs of Hrasdan.
1989-92 - Deputy Chief, 1992-93 - Head of the Investigation Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Armenia.
Since 1996 - head of the 6th and 4th departments of the Ministry of National Security.
1997-99 - Head of the Main Investigation Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Security.
1999-2004 - Minister of National Security, Director of the National Security Service of Armenia.
After his resignation, he lives in Moscow, works as an adviser to the president of the Russian state corporation "Transneft".
Judging by his biography, Carlos Petrosyan was a member of the team of former Security Minister Serzh Sargsyan, the current president of Armenia. And this means that General Petrosyan most likely belongs to the Korzhakov clan.
8. Gorik Gurgenovich HAKOPYAN is the Director of the National Security Service since November 2004.
He graduated from Yerevan Polytechnic Institute in 1968. In 1971, he graduated from the higher courses of the KGB in Minsk.
Since 1969, he served first in the KGB of the Armenian SSR, then in the State Department of National Security of the Republic of Armenia.
1997-99 - Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs and National Security of the Republic of Armenia. 1999-2002 - Deputy Minister of National Security of the Republic of Armenia.
2002-2004 - Deputy Director of the National Security Service of Armenia.
Since November 2004 - Director of the National Security Service of Armenia.
As we can see, in the zero years, also in "democratic" Armenia, former KGB personnel officers had already ceased to hide in the positions of deputies or assistants - and dared and began to come to the fore themselves. This is how we can comment on this appointment of the Chekist General Hakobyan in 2004 as the head of the state security of the country. And if different "physicists" and "microbiologists" usually held such a position in Armenia for no longer than a year or two, Colonel-General Hakobyan has been heading the National Security Service for almost 9 years. And so far he is in no hurry to resign, although he is already 67 years old.
Moreover, we have every reason to propose such a hypothesis now: most likely, it was General Hakobyan who really managed the state security of Armenia since at least 1997 - or even earlier. And we won't even be too surprised if it ever turns out that, since 1998, this Chekist general was also the real leader of the country - and not at all presidents Kocharyan and Sargsyan.
As for the clan affiliation of Gorik Hakobyan, he most likely belongs to the Korzhakov clan. Because, in our opinion, it is General Hakobyan who is the main pillar of the current ruling regime of Armenia, which came to power in the spring of 1998.
PRESIDENT SARGSYAN'S BOARD
1. Serzh Azatovich SARGSYAN has been the President of Armenia since April 9, 2008.
Korzhakov clan.
2. SARKISYAN Tigran Surenovich is the Prime Minister of Armenia since April 9, 2008.
In 1983 he graduated from the Leningrad Institute of Finance and Economics.
In 1987, he graduated from the postgraduate studies of the LFEI. Candidate of Economic Sciences.
1987-90 - Senior Researcher, Head of the International Economic Relations Group of the Research Institute of Economics and Planning of Armenia.
1988-93 - Chairman of the Republican Council of Young Specialists and Scientists.
1990-91 - coordinator of permanent seminars organized for bankers.
1993-95 - Deputy of the Supreme Council of Armenia from the National Democrats faction. Chairman of the Standing Financial and Budgetary Commission.
1995-98 - President of the Association of Banks of Armenia.
1995-2008 - Director of the Institute for the Study of Transitional Society.
From March 1998 to April 2008 - Chairman of the Central Bank of Armenia.
Since April 9, 2008 - Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia.
Member of the Republican Party of Armenia.
Tigran Sargsyan is clearly part of the team of the current President of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan. Here is a message on this topic for September 2010 to illustrate:
"The fact that the prime minister is not an independent political figure also affects the activities of the government: Tigran Sargsyan has no support in the country, except for President Sargsyan, and everyone knows who the latter relies on."
(http://nationalidea.am/articles.php? id=202&l=R)
This means that Tigran Sargsyan most likely belongs to the Korzhakovo clan.
It should also be noted here that Sargsyan studied at the LFEI - and this St. Petersburg institute in the 80s was one of the main strongholds for Anatoly Chubais' circle. In addition, in his interview for February 4, 2013, Tigran Petrosyan admitted that he attended those seminars of young economists, which were arranged by Chubais and Gaidar. Here is a fragment from this interview:
"- They say you studied in Leningrad with Chubais, Miller, Koch. Was the future chief privatizer of Russia already in Chubais, and the head of the world's largest gas corporation in Miller, guessed even then?
- Indeed, Miller and I studied in the same group, with Kokh we went together to the collective farm - we were sent to the Vologda region, if I'm not mistaken. But Chubais studied at another institute. At that time, Gaidar and Chubais held seminars in Moscow and St. Petersburg where new economic models (Yugoslav, Hungarian) were discussed, and many, including me, attended them." (http://mn.ru/world_ussr/20130204/336809216.html)
Apparently, Tigran Sargsyan, although he attended these scientific seminars for young people, but he still hardly became a full member of Anatoly Chubais's circle then - since the Chubais people themselves never seemed to remember him afterwards. Perhaps he just seemed a little weak to them, as a theorist-economist. But Sargsyan, quite likely, still had something to do with the secret Chekist project to prepare an economic reform - that is, he was then noticed where he should be. And thanks to this, he then made a very successful career in Armenia.
This concludes the list of statesmen of Armenia.
As for local oligarchs, there is officially not a single billionaire in this small and poor country. So the size of the fortune of the richest oligarch in Armenia, Gagik Tsarukyan, according to some experts, reaches only 500 million dollars. And the other local rich people are even poorer.
True, there is widespread information in the Armenian opposition media that the hidden fortune of the current president Serzh Sargsyan has already reached 5 or even 7 billion dollars - but these dark rumors cannot be brought to the point, as they say. Moreover, we try to adhere to scientific research methods as much as possible.
In general, if we have established this "bar" of a billion dollars to investigate the situation in the former union republics, then we will now have to skip the chapter on the distribution of capital of Chekist clans in Armenia.
But we can already say that the KGB clan, which has been ruling in Armenia since 1998, has long since taken almost all the wealth of the country on itself...
Now we just have to sum up briefly. For Armenia, for 21 years of independence, we have got about such a scheme of the balance of power between individual clans of the Chekist mafia.
1. Moscow clan.
It is still present in the political life of Armenia, mainly in the form of the so-called Dashnak party. And this party was quite an influential force in the first half of the 90s - but a single pro-American clan never allowed the Dashnaks to get to the very top of power, and at the end of 1994 banned the Dashnak party altogether. After that, this party could not recover - although President Kocharyan allowed it again in 1998. So the Dashnaks remained on the political sidelines in Armenia - and still stay in this country mainly only thanks to their extensive international ties. And since the end of 1998 the Moscow and Korzhakov clans of the Chekist mafia have actually merged together, from time to time Dashnaks are now sometimes given small posts in the Armenian government.
2. Family clan.
The post of the country's president was in the hands of this mafia from October 1991 to February 1998 (Ter-Petrosyan). That is, the first 7 years of Armenia's independence.
The post of Prime Minister is a total of about 4 years: from February 1993 to November 1996 and from November 1999 to May 2000 (Bagratyan and Aram Sargsyan).
The post of Chief of State Security - 4.5 years: from December 1991 to May 1995 (U. Harutyunyan, Poghosyan, Simonyants and Shahnazaryan).
3. Korzhakov clan.
The post of President of the country - 15 years: since March 1998 (Kocharyan and Sargsyan).
The post of Prime Minister - 16.5 years: from July 1992 to February 1993, from November 1996 to October 1999 and from May 2000 (Kh. Harutyunyan, Armen Sargsyan, Kocharyan, Darbinyan, V. Sargsyan, Markaryan, Sargsyan and T. Sargsyan).
The post of Head of State Security - 18 years: since May 1995 (Sargsyan, Petrosyan and Hakobyan).
4. St. Petersburg clan - we have not found on the territory of Armenia.
Now the general political picture is visible in the palm of your hand: when in 1995 the single pro-American clan began to split into components, the Korzhakov clan first managed to completely seize control over the state security (in May 1995) and other power structures of Armenia - and relying on such a powerful lever, this mafia group soon took possession of the posts of the prime minister (in November 1996) and the president of the country (in March 1998).
True, the family clan took advantage of the aggravation of the political situation after the terrorist attack on October 27, 1999 - and in November 1999 regained the post of prime minister, but only for six months.
So since May 2000, the Korzhakov clan has already dominated Armenia. And although the remnants of the democratic system still allow opposition parties under the control of the family clan to exist there - they no longer manage to achieve much success in the elections. And Levon Ter-Petrosyan's attempt to arrange a "color revolution" in Armenia after the presidential elections in February 2008 completely failed.
06/19/2013 Oleg Grechenevsky.
Source: https://grechenevsky.com/html/sources/72.htm |
