Russia's double-headed phoenix symbol came from Khazaria (Kazan Khanate)
"Muscovy: The Birth of the Double-Headed Eagle": from the sign of the Seljuks and the clan of Genghis Khan to the Tatar destinies in the Moscow region
The day before, the National Library of Tatarstan hosted a presentation of the book “Muscovy. Birth of the double-headed eagle. The studies that formed the basis of the book are a fresh look at the history of the relationship between the Turkic and Slavic worlds during various historical eras in Russia. The team of authors took the liberty of showing the process of formation of the core of the Moscow and Russian state under the influence of the Tatar aristocracy. Read more in the report "Billion.Tatars".
A distant relative of Kazan
The land of the modern Moscow region keeps many secrets and mysteries. Many residents of the region, as well as the capital, for the most part think that only the Russian people lived on these lands from time immemorial. Not many people know that in ancient times Moscow lands were inhabited by Finno-Ugric tribes that have sunk into oblivion, leaving behind only the names of geographical objects: rivers, lakes, streams and some settlements. It is much more interesting that in the very center of the Russian state the Tatar people left their mark, who lived on them during the Golden Horde and in the post-Horde period. One should not think that the Tatars lived on these lands as invaders or strangers: the sovereigns of Moscow themselves granted the lands of the Tatar nobility in the center of their state. And there are many such examples. So,
Now in the cities near Moscow, where the Tatar nobility ruled, the locals do not know these pages of the history of their land. Tatar paraphernalia, one might say, is in front of the noses of the inhabitants, as Rushan Abbyasov, the first deputy chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia and the Spiritual Muslim Board of the Russian Federation, said: “There is a coat of arms of the city of Kashira, and when I said to the head of the city: do you know what is at the base of the coat of arms? Coat of arms of the Kazan Khanate. One cannot say that contacts with the Turko-Tatar world in the Moscow region took place only on political or military grounds - this statement is fundamentally wrong. Now archaeologists are actively working in the city of Volokolamsk, where they found coins of the XIV century with Arabic script, which Rushan Rafikovich shared in his speech.
Consonant names
The main task for the study was to compile a map of all geographical objects and settlements that could be of Tatar origin. In the course of this work, the researchers did a tremendous job of compiling the first map of the Moscow region with all the places that could be of Turkic origin. Expeditions were made to each of these places, as a result of which the researchers came to amazing discoveries. So, according to the memoirs of Marat Safarov, the host of the “Cultural Journey” program on Vesti FM radio, local residents can guess about the Tatar origin of their settlement, but not know its true history: raged." A similar story was recalled by the head of the Department of Culture of the Spiritual Muslim Board of the Russian Federation Renat Abyanov: “Not far from the city of Khimki, very close to Moscow, there is a village called Ivakino. People passing near this village do not even think that the name of this settlement goes back not to the name Ivan, but to the name of the Tatar prince Ibak.
We didn't come in large numbers
The discoveries presented in the book make it possible to understand where and in what places the main Tatar landholdings were and what clans ruled in the center of the Russian state. Such knowledge will make it possible to realize that the Tatars are not something new for the Moscow region. For the first time, the Tatars came to these lands not in the course of looking for work in the 18th-19th centuries and not during the Stalinist collectivization of the 1930s, but much earlier.
What happened to the Tatars in the Moscow region? The reason for the disappearance of the memory of the Tatar heritage may be the change in the number of Tatars due to the tsarist policy in the 17th-18th centuries, as well as the deprivation of the privileges of the class of service Tatars. However, the study sheds light on the forgotten pages of the history of the Moscow region, telling about the Tatar families of the Uzunovs, Yusupovs, Chulpanovs, as well as the Tatar history of such cities as Volokolamsk, Zvenigorod, Kashir and Serpukhov.
Birth of the double-headed eagle
In modern Russian historiography, the dominant opinion about the origin of the double-headed eagle on the coat of arms of the Russian state is the version of the Byzantine succession. Other historians believe that the double-headed eagle came to Russia due to European influence. Due attention was not paid to the version of the Turkic-Mongolian origin of this symbol. This was pointed out by Damir Iskhakov, chief researcher at the Institute of History named after Sh. Marjani. Damir Mavlyaveevich pointed out that the personal bird of Genghis Khan's clan had a similar description, which appears in later Tatar sources: “It is no coincidence that the image of a double-headed eagle appears on the Golden Horde coins. Those who study carefully can even see that at first there was one head with two beaks, and then two heads appeared, looking in different directions. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that among the Seljuks there are also images of an eagle. Therefore, it is necessary to look for the roots of the state symbol not only in the west, but also in the Turkic east.
The hypothesis of the eastern origin of the Russian double-headed eagle was agreed by the chief researcher of the Department of Medieval Archeology of the Institute of Archeology. OH. Khalikova Fayaz Khuzin. Fayaz Sharipovich remembered the story when, during his visit to Turkey, on the ruins of the Hittite city of the 1st millennium BC. he saw the image of a two-headed bird. Such a find suggests that the symbol is a common cultural phenomenon for most of the peoples of the East, who have lived in the Eurasian space since ancient times.
Confrontation and trade
There are many rumors and conjectures about the relationship between the Turkic and Slavic worlds. The study presented at the presentation will shed light on the incomprehensible pages of history. Thus, Fayaz Sharipovich pointed out that there was no antagonism between Bulgar and Moscow: there were military campaigns, which the researcher, relying on sources, counted 15. 12 campaigns were initiated by the Russian side, but this did not affect trade and cultural exchange. In support of his words, the scientist refers to a note in the annals of 1229, which says that a deceased Christian in Bilyar was buried in a confessional Orthodox cemetery: will such an infrastructure be created in conditions of constant confrontation?
Also an amazing discovery for the researcher was the excavations of the city of Bilyar in 1974-75, where he personally discovered pig bones, which was nonsense: “We did not find pig bones in Bulgarian cities, but they ended up in one of the houses. The house belonged to Russian artisans who permanently resided in this area.”
Author ; Vladislav Bezmenov